Installing Ultrix 4.5 on MicroVAX 3100
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Ultrix 4.5 on a MicroVAX 3100
I wanted to install Ultrix on my VAX, described here. Here is some log regarding installation.
The installation was already documented by various people, so it is nothing new, and credits go to these people.
Ultrix version used is from 1995, so 28 years old.
The following screenshot shows, after installation, some DEC Windows tools,
remote displayed on my Linux machine.
You see 2xdtterm, dxpaint, dxpuzzle, dxnotepad and dxclock.
Get Ultrix install media
I describe here an installation using a CDROM, because this is what I have connected to my MicroVAX.
Ultrix 4.5 install media can be found at various places. The file is called
ultrix-vax-4.5-mode1.ufs.bz2. Despite it is an ufs file system, just
uncompress this file and burn it as “ISO image” onto a CD.
Then start installation by booting from that media. My CDROM drive is named DKB500, so I boot from it.
Installation will go to target disk RZ10, named DK200. This is a
500MB SCSI2SD virtual hard disk drive on a SD Card.
>>> b DKB500
-DKB500
Ultrixboot - V4.5 Sun Sep 17 13:03:13 EDT 1995
Loading (a)vmunix ...
Sizes:
text = 945424
data = 1290240
bss = 757940
Starting at 0x5219
ULTRIX V4.5 (Rev. 47) System #2: Wed Oct 18 12:06:55 EDT 1995
real mem = 16658432
avail mem = 11443200
Buffer configuration adjusted to run with small system page table
using 240 buffers containing 1665024 bytes of memory
KA41-A/B with an FPU
scsi0 at uba0 csr 0x200c0080 vec 0x1f8, ipl 0x14
rz1 at scsi0 slave 1 (RZxx) [ MAXTOR 7345-SCSI 1761 ]
scsi1 at uba0 csr 0x200c0180 vec 0x1fc, ipl 0x14
rz8 at scsi1 slave 0 (RZxx) [ NEC DSE2100S 0306 ]
rz9 at scsi1 slave 1 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz10 at scsi1 slave 2 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz11 at scsi1 slave 3 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz12 at scsi1 slave 4 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz13 at scsi1 slave 5 (RZxx)
ss0 at uba0 csr 0x200a0000 vec 0xc0, ipl 0x14
WARNING: todr too small -- CHECK AND RESET THE DATE!
*** STANDALONE ULTRIX ENVIRONMENT ***
If you select the BASIC Installation option from the list that follows,
the installation software creates file systems on default partitions on
your system disk and loads the mandatory ULTRIX software subsets.
If you require additional installation choices, select the ADVANCED
Installation option.
Select one of the following options:
1) BASIC Installation
2) ADVANCED Installation
3) System management
Enter your choice: 2
*** SYSTEM DISK SELECTION ***
The 'Guide to Installing ULTRIX' explains the following table
of system disk drives. Select one of the devices below to contain the
root file system:
SYSTEM DISK TABLE
Selection Device ULTRIX Device Controller Controller
Name Name Number Name Number
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1 RZxx rz1 1 VS_SCSI 0
2 RZxx rz8 0 VS_SCSI 1
3 RZxx rz9 1 VS_SCSI 1
4 RZxx rz10 2 VS_SCSI 1
5 RZxx rz11 3 VS_SCSI 1
6 RZxx rz12 4 VS_SCSI 1
7 RZxx rz13 5 VS_SCSI 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Enter your choice: 4
You selected RZxx, device number 10. Make sure this disk drive
is on line and write-enabled (if applicable to your disk drive), then
confirm your choice.
Use RZxx, rz10, for your system disk? (y/n) []: y
The installation procedure now allocates the root file system on
partition 'a' of the system disk, rz10 RZxx.
Making the root file system on rz10 RZxx.
The installation procedure is now restoring the root file system to
partition 'a' of the system disk, rz10 RZxx.
The installation procedure now checks the root file system on partition 'a'
of the system disk, rz10 RZxx.
** /dev/rrz10a
** Last Mounted on /mnt
** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes
** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames
** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity
** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts
** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups
226 files, 4548 used, 9082 free (114 frags, 1121 blocks, 0.8% fragmentation)
*** BOOTSTRAP COMMAND SEQUENCE ***
Enter the following boot sequence at the console mode prompt
after the installation software halts the processor:
>>> b dkb200
syncing disks... done
?06 HLT INST
PC = 8007F739
So the first part of installation is done, and the next part is started by rebooting, now from the target disk named DKB200.
>>> b dkb200
-DKB200
Ultrixboot - V4.5 Sun Sep 17 13:03:13 EDT 1995
Loading (a)vmunix ...
Sizes:
text = 1153664
data = 281088
bss = 1043548
Starting at 0x5219
ULTRIX V4.5 (Rev. 47) System #3: Wed Oct 18 11:49:00 EDT 1995
real mem = 16658432
avail mem = 11918336
Buffer configuration adjusted to run with small system page table
using 238 buffers containing 1665024 bytes of memory
KA41-A/B with an FPU
scsi0 at uba0 csr 0x200c0080 vec 0x1f8, ipl 0x14
rz1 at scsi0 slave 1 (RZxx) [ MAXTOR 7345-SCSI 1761 ]
scsi1 at uba0 csr 0x200c0180 vec 0x1fc, ipl 0x14
rz8 at scsi1 slave 0 (RZxx) [ NEC DSE2100S 0306 ]
rz9 at scsi1 slave 1 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz10 at scsi1 slave 2 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz11 at scsi1 slave 3 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz12 at scsi1 slave 4 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz13 at scsi1 slave 5 (RZxx)
ss0 at uba0 csr 0x200a0000 vec 0xc0, ipl 0x14
sh0 at uba0 csr 0x38000000 vec 0x44, ipl 0x14
ln0 at ibus0 csr 0x200e0000 vec 0x50, ipl 0x14
ln0: DEC LANCE Ethernet Interface, hardware address: 08:00:2b:26:46:99
*** SYSTEM NAME SPECIFICATION ***
Select the name of your system using alphanumeric characters.
The first character must be a letter. For example, tinker.
Enter your system name: uvax
You selected uvax as the name of your system.
Is this correct? (y/n) [y]: y
*** DATE AND TIME SPECIFICATION ***
The current date and time should be specified using the following
format:
yymmddhhmm
Use two digits for year (yy), month (mm), day (dd), hour (hh), and
minute (mm). Enter the time in 24-hour format. For example, 02:54
p.m. on Feb 2, 1993 would be entered as:
9302021454
Enter the date and time: 2310221239
*** TIME ZONE SELECTION ***
Select the time zone for your area, using the options listed in the
table below. You can also enter the number of hours (-12 to 12) in
time east of Greenwich.
Selection Time Zone
---------------------------------
e Eastern
c Central
m Mountain
p Pacific
g Greenwich
---------------------------------
Enter your choice: g
Does your area alternate between Daylight Savings and Standard
time? (y/n) [y]: y
Select your geographic area for Daylight Savings Time, using the
options in the table below.
Selection Geographic Area
--------------------------------
u USA
a Australia
e Eastern Europe
c Central Europe
w Western Europe
--------------------------------
Enter your choice [u]: w
The current date and time is Thu Oct 22 12:39:13 WET DST 1970
*** SPECIFY THE SUPERUSER PASSWORD ***
The Guide to Installing ULTRIX instructs you on how to enter
the superuser password.
Changing password for root
Enter new password:
Password unchanged.
Trying again to set Super User password. . .
Changing password for root
Enter new password:
Password unchanged.
Trying again to set Super User password. . .
Changing password for root
Enter new password:
Password must be at least 6 characters long, password unchanged.
Trying again to set Super User password. . .
Changing password for root
Enter new password:
Verify:
*** FILE SYSTEM DEFAULT OPTION ***
The following table shows the default file system layout on RZxx, rz10:
partition bottom top size overlap default
a 0 32767 32768 c,d,e,f,h root
b 32768 163839 131072 c swap, dump
g 163840 1023999 860160 c /usr
If you choose the defaults, the var area will be allocated to /usr/var.
Do you want to choose the default file system layout? (y/n): y
Making the new file system for /usr on /dev/rrz10g RZxx
This distribution media includes subsets for ULTRIX Worksystem
Software (UWS). A UWS license (on a workstation) or a UWS Server
License (on a timesharing machine or server) is required to install
these subsets.
Do you want to install ULTRIX Worksystem Software? y/n []: n
*** SUPPORTED SOFTWARE INSTALLATION ***
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:01:00 WET DST 1970
*** Enter Subset Selections ***
The following subsets are mandatory and will be installed automatically:
* Base System * Kernel Config Files
* TCP/IP Networking Utilities * Network File System Utilities
* Extended (Berkeley) Mailer
The subsets listed below are optional:
1) Printer Support Environment 2) RAND Mail Handler
3) Sys. Config. Mgmt. Program (SCAMP) 4) Communications Utilities
5) Unix-to-Unix Copy Facility 8 6) Maintenance Operations Protocol
7) Accounting Software 8) Kerberos Network Authentication
9) Enhanced Security Features 10) Prestoserve Utilities
11) System Exerciser Package 12) Bisynchronous Communications
13) Doc. Preparation for Ref. Pages 14) Doc. Preparation Extensions
15) Adobe Font Metric Files 16) Software Development Utilities
17) Source Code Control System 18) Internationalization Runtime Env.
19) Internationalization Dev. Env. 20) CDA Base System
21) CDA Software Dev Libraries 22) RPC Runtime Environment
23) RPC Development Environment 24) Pascal Development Package
25) VAX C/ULTRIX 26) Ref. Pages for Sys. Admin. & Users
27) Reference Pages for Programers 28) Programming Examples
29) Ultrix SPDS
30) All mandatory and all optional subsets
31) Mandatory subsets only
32) Exit without installing subsets
Enter your choice(s): 1 25 26 16
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:09:02 WET DST 1970
You are installing the following subsets:
Base System Kernel Config Files
TCP/IP Networking Utilities Network File System Utilities
Extended (Berkeley) Mailer Printer Support Environment
Software Development Utilities VAX C/ULTRIX
Ref. Pages for Sys. Admin. & Users
Is this correct? (y/n): y
Base System (ULTBASE450)
Copying from /mnt/VAX/BASE (disk)
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:10:36 WET DST 1970
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:12:41 WET DST 1970
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:14:45 WET DST 1970
Verifying
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:15:25 WET DST 1970
Kernel Config Files (ULTBIN450)
Copying from /mnt/VAX/BASE (disk)
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:17:04 WET DST 1970
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:19:08 WET DST 1970
Verifying
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:20:19 WET DST 1970
TCP/IP Networking Utilities (ULTINET450)
Copying from /mnt/VAX/BASE (disk)
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:21:16 WET DST 1970
Verifying
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:22:38 WET DST 1970
Network File System Utilities (ULTNFS450)
Copying from /mnt/VAX/BASE (disk)
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:23:03 WET DST 1970
Verifying
Extended (Berkeley) Mailer (ULTUMAIL450)
Copying from /mnt/VAX/BASE (disk)
Verifying
Printer Support Environment (ULTPRINT450)
Copying from /mnt/VAX/BASE (disk)
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:24:31 WET DST 1970
Verifying
Software Development Utilities (ULTPGMR450)
Copying from /mnt/VAX/BASE (disk)
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:25:35 WET DST 1970
Verifying
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:26:50 WET DST 1970
VAX C/ULTRIX (ULTVAXC450)
Copying from /mnt/VAX/BASE (disk)
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:27:14 WET DST 1970
Verifying
setld:
Error installing Ref. Pages for Sys. Admin. & Users (ULTMAN450):
Subset ULTMAN450 requires the existence of subset ULTDCMT450 to operate
correctly. Please install subset ULTDCMT450 before trying to install
subset ULTMAN450.
The installation software successfully installed the mandatory software
subsets. However, it failed to install other parts of the supported
software subsets. You can continue with the installation and install
the other supported software subsets at a later time using the setld
utility or, you can request that the installation software again try
to install these supported software subsets.
Select one of the following options:
1) Continue with the installation
2) Try to re-install supported software subsets
1
so we need to reinstall subsets 16 and 26 later… But lets just continue.
Installing Upgrade subsets
The following subsets will be installed:
* Generic Kernel
Do you wish to continue? (y/n): y
Generic Kernel (ULTGENVMUNIX451)
Copying from /mnt/VAX/BASE_UPGRADE (disk)
Working....Thu Oct 22 13:32:00 WET DST 1970
Verifying
The installation procedure has successfully installed the Upgrade
subsets
*** CONFIGURATION FILE KERNEL OPTION SELECTION ***
Selection Kernel Option
---------------------------------------------------------------
1 Local Area Transport (LAT)
2 Bisynchronous Communication protocol (VAX only)
3 Computer Interconnect (CI) network
4 Diagnostic/Utilities Protocol (DUP)
5 ISO9660 File System Support (CDFS)
6 Ethernet Packet Filter
7 Enhanced Security Features
8 All of the above
9 None of the above
----------------------------------------------------------------
Enter the selection number for each kernel option you want.
For example, 1 3 : 5
You specified the following kernel options:
ISO9660 File System Support (CDFS)
Is this correct? (y/n) [n]: y
*** SYSTEM CONFIGURATION PROCEDURE ***
Configuration file complete.
Do you want to edit the configuration file? (y/n) [n]: n
*** PERFORMING SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ***
working ..... Thu Oct 22 13:33:51 WET DST 1970
working ..... Thu Oct 22 13:35:52 WET DST 1970
working ..... Thu Oct 22 13:37:52 WET DST 1970
working ..... Thu Oct 22 13:39:52 WET DST 1970
*** DEVICE SPECIAL FILE CREATION ***
working ..... Thu Oct 22 13:41:14 WET DST 1970
*** SOFTWARE INSTALLATION PROCEDURE COMPLETE ***
The following files were created during the installation procedure:
/vmunix - customized kernel
/genvmunix - generic kernel
/usr/adm/install.log - installation log file
/usr/adm/install.FS.log - file systems log file
/usr/adm/install.DEV.log - special device log file
Enter the following boot sequence at the console mode prompt
after the installation software halts the processor:
>>> b dkb200
syncing disks... done
?06 HLT INST
PC = 80098555
Installation is done.
Lets try first boot with installed system:
>>> b dkb200
-DKB200
Ultrixboot - V4.5 Sun Sep 17 13:03:13 EDT 1995
Loading (a)vmunix ...
Sizes:
text = 673068
data = 100864
bss = 546012
Starting at 0x2c19
ULTRIX V4.5 (Rev. 47) System #1: Thu Oct 22 13:40:44 WET DST 1970
real mem = 16658432
avail mem = 12685312
using 406 buffers containing 1665024 bytes of memory
KA41-A/B with an FPU
scsi0 at uba0 csr 0x200c0080 vec 0x1f8, ipl 0x14
rz1 at scsi0 slave 1 (RZxx) [ MAXTOR 7345-SCSI 1761 ]
scsi1 at uba0 csr 0x200c0180 vec 0x1fc, ipl 0x14
rz8 at scsi1 slave 0 (RZxx) [ NEC DSE2100S 0306 ]
rz9 at scsi1 slave 1 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz10 at scsi1 slave 2 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz11 at scsi1 slave 3 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz12 at scsi1 slave 4 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz13 at scsi1 slave 5 (RZxx)
ss0 at uba0 csr 0x200a0000 vec 0xc0, ipl 0x14
sh0 at uba0 csr 0x38000000 vec 0x44, ipl 0x14
ln0 at ibus0 csr 0x200e0000 vec 0x50, ipl 0x14
ln0: DEC LANCE Ethernet Interface, hardware address: 08:00:2b:26:46:99
WARNING: preposterous time in file system -- CHECK AND RESET THE DATE!
Sun Jul 4 13:00:00 WET DST 1976
Automatic reboot in progress...
/dev/rz10a: SUMMARY INFORMATION BAD (SALVAGED)
/dev/rz10a: FILE SYSTEM MODIFIED, VERIFYING
/dev/rz10a: 643 files, 5695 used, 7935 free (207 frags, 966 blocks, 1.5% fragmentation)
VMS/VMB ULTRIX ADDR DEVTYP NUMBYTES RM/FX WP DEVNAM REV
------- ------ -------- ------ -------- ----- -- ------ ---
ESA0 SE0 08-00-2B-26-46-99
DKA100 RZ1 A/1/0/00 DISK 345 MB FX 7345-SC1761
...HostID.... A/6 INITR
DKB0 RZ8 B/0/0/00 DISK 2.11 GB FX DSE21000306
DKB100 RZ9 B/1/0/00 DISK 524 MB FX RD54 5.2
DKB200 RZ10 B/2/0/00 DISK 524 MB FX RD54 5.2
DKB300 RZ11 B/3/0/00 DISK 1.93 GB FX RD54 5.2
DKB400 RZ12 B/4/0/00 DISK 1.93 GB FX RD54 5.2
DKB500 RZ13 B/5/0/00 RODISK 174 MB RM CDR400t1.0k
...HostID.... B/6 INITR
[ESA0:] ?>>>
Uh that did not work out. I suppose the file system repair which was done interrupts automated boot. So I started the boot again, and now it worked:
>>> b dkb200
-DKB200
Ultrixboot - V4.5 Sun Sep 17 13:03:13 EDT 1995
Loading (a)vmunix ...
Sizes:
text = 673068
data = 100864
bss = 546012
Starting at 0x2c19
ULTRIX V4.5 (Rev. 47) System #1: Thu Oct 22 13:40:44 WET DST 1970
real mem = 16658432
avail mem = 12685312
using 406 buffers containing 1665024 bytes of memory
KA41-A/B with an FPU
scsi0 at uba0 csr 0x200c0080 vec 0x1f8, ipl 0x14
rz1 at scsi0 slave 1 (RZxx) [ MAXTOR 7345-SCSI 1761 ]
scsi1 at uba0 csr 0x200c0180 vec 0x1fc, ipl 0x14
rz8 at scsi1 slave 0 (RZxx) [ NEC DSE2100S 0306 ]
rz9 at scsi1 slave 1 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz10 at scsi1 slave 2 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz11 at scsi1 slave 3 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz12 at scsi1 slave 4 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz13 at scsi1 slave 5 (RZxx)
ss0 at uba0 csr 0x200a0000 vec 0xc0, ipl 0x14
sh0 at uba0 csr 0x38000000 vec 0x44, ipl 0x14
ln0 at ibus0 csr 0x200e0000 vec 0x50, ipl 0x14
ln0: DEC LANCE Ethernet Interface, hardware address: 08:00:2b:26:46:99
Sun Jul 4 13:01:12 WET DST 1976
Automatic reboot in progress...
/dev/rz10a: 643 files, 5695 used, 7935 free (207 frags, 966 blocks, 1.5% fragmentation)
/dev/rrz10g: 2545 files, 33767 used, 324562 free (1002 frags, 40445 blocks, 0.3% fragmentation)
Warning Creating new license database
Warning creating new history file
check quotas: done.
savecore: checking for dump...dump does not exist
local daemons: syslog sendmail.
Removing remnant Opser files
preserving editor files
clearing /tmp
standard daemons: update cron accounting network snmpd printer.
start errlog daemon - elcsd
Sun Jul 4 13:03:15 WET DST 1976
ULTRIX V4.5 (Rev. 47) (uvax)
login: root
Password:
ULTRIX V4.5 (Rev. 47) System #1: Thu Oct 22 13:40:44 WET DST 1970
Digital Equipment Corporation
Nashua, New Hampshire
*** SOFTWARE INSTALLATION PROCEDURE COMPLETE ***
The following files were created during the installation procedure:
/vmunix - customized kernel
/genvmunix - generic kernel
/usr/adm/install.log - installation log file
/usr/adm/install.FS.log - file systems log file
/usr/adm/install.DEV.log - special device log file
#
Great. Date is wrong, because the Y2K patch was not yet applied to installed Ultrix.
Next step would be to install Y2K patch and some additional software.
Install additional software
Mount CDROM
# mount -r /dev/rz13c /mnt
# ls /mnt
VAX lost+found ultrixboot vmunix
# cd /mnt/VAX/BASE
Not all packages were offered to be installed during installation. So lets restart that part. Start software installation tool
# setld -l .
*** Select the DECwindows User Interface ***
1) DECwindows for OSF/Motif
2) X11/DECwindows (XUI)
Enter your choice [1]: 2
*** Enter Subset Selections ***
The subsets listed below are optional:
1) RAND Mail Handler 2) Sys. Config. Mgmt. Program (SCAMP)
3) Communications Utilities 4) Unix-to-Unix Copy Facility
5) Maintenance Operations Protocol 6) Accounting Software
7) Kerberos Network Authentication 8) Enhanced Security Features
9) Prestoserve Utilities 10) System Exerciser Package
11) Bisynchronous Communications 12) Doc. Preparation for Ref. Pages
13) Doc. Preparation Extensions 14) Adobe Font Metric Files
15) Source Code Control System 16) Internationalization Runtime Env.
17) Internationalization Dev. Env. 18) CDA Base System
19) CDA Software Dev Libraries 20) RPC Runtime Environment
21) RPC Development Environment 22) Pascal Development Package
23) Ref. Pages for Sys. Admin. & Users 24) Reference Pages for Programers
25) Programming Examples 26) Ultrix SPDS
27) X11/DECwindows Servers 28) X11/DECwindows User Environment
29) X11/DECwindows 75dpi Fonts 30) X11/DECwindows 100dpi Fonts
31) VS35XX X11/DECwindows Fonts 32) Additional DECwindows Applications
33) DECwindows Mail Application 34) Worksystem Development Environment
35) X11/DECwindows System Management T 36) UWS Runtime Reference Pages
37) UWS Development Reference Pages
38) All mandatory and all optional subsets
39) Mandatory subsets only
40) Exit without installing subsets
Enter your choice(s): 27 28 29 30 31 35
Working....Sun Jul 4 14:41:34 WET DST 1976
You are installing the following subsets:
X11/DECwindows Servers X11/DECwindows User Environment
X11/DECwindows 75dpi Fonts X11/DECwindows 100dpi Fonts
VS35XX X11/DECwindows Fonts X11/DECwindows System Management To
Is this correct? (y/n): y
Configure network
# netstat -i
Name Mtu Network Address Ipkts Ierrs Opkts Oerrs Coll
ln0* 1500 none none 0 0 0 0 0
lo0 1536 loop localhost 1 0 1 0 0
# ifconfig ln0 192.168.178.41 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
# route add default 192.168.178.1 1
Last two lines entered manually need to be added to /etc/rc.local:
# head /etc/rc.local
# @(#)rc.local 9.4 (ULTRIX) 9/21/95
/bin/hostname uvax
#/etc/ifconfig HDWR `/bin/hostname` broadcast NETNUM.0 netmask 255.0
# next two lines new DD
/etc/ifconfig ln0 192.168.178.41 netmask 255.255.255.0 up <--- new
route add default 192.168.178.1 1 <--- new
/etc/ifconfig lo0 localhost
#/etc/bscconfig dup0 bsc 1
Also create a /etc/resolv.conf:
# cat /etc/resolv.conf
domain fritz.box
nameserver 192.168.178.1
For DNS resolving, we need to modify /etc/svc.conf. Either edit it
manually or use command svcsetup. We need to change the value for hosts
to local,bind (its only local by default).
Then networking should work.
Make telnet work
I did not install all possible packages during installation. So I noticed telnetd was missing. So I added telnetd, which is contained in package ULTCOMM450 .
setld -l . ULTCOMM450
(I also added packages DXVDECW450, DXVX11450, DXVXM450, ULTAFM450, UWSDECW450, containing additional X11/Motif software.)
Also, add “secure” option to all telnet tty lines in /etc/ttys:
ttyp0 none network secure
ttyp1 none network secure
ttyp2 none network secure
ttyp3 none network secure
ttyp4 none network secure
ttyp5 none network secure
ttyp6 none network secure
After that, it is possible to telnet from external machine:
dennis@dennis-pc:~> telnet 192.168.178.41
Trying 192.168.178.41...
Connected to 192.168.178.41.
Escape character is '^]'.
ULTRIX V4.5 (Rev. 47) (uvax)
login:
Make X11 clients work
My MicroVAX has no graphics display hardware. But I can start X clients using remote display capability of X11. For ancient machines, there is often not the “ssh -X” option (which forwards X11 protocol through ssh connection). Simplest way is to use socat:
On machine where the client should be displayed (my Linux machine), execute:
socat -d -d TCP-LISTEN:6000,fork UNIX-CONNECT:/tmp/.X11-unix/X0
xhost +
Then, with DISPLAY variable set on client (MicroVAX 3100 machine in my case), the client can be started. DNS resolution is not working, so I use the IP address of my Linux machine (192.168.178.62). Display id is “0.0”:
# Ultrix runs a csh, so I need setenv command
setenv DISPLAY 192.168.178.62:0.0
dtterm &
And, tada, the dtterm window appears on my Linux machine. Whoa, I have seen this kind of window last time around 1995…
A real beauty :-)
Install unsupported software
# cd ../UNSUPPORTED
# ls
DXVUNDEMO450 ULXDOC450 ULXINGRES450 ULXRCS450 ULXUNMAN450
ULXAPL450 ULXEDIT450 ULXLEARN450 ULXSHELLS450 ULXUNMIT450
ULXBASE450 ULXF77450 ULXLISP450 ULXSPMS450 ULXVARIAN450
ULXBIB450 ULXGAMES450 ULXMAN450 ULXTERM450 instctrl
ULXCOURIER450 ULXHYPER450 ULXMOD2450 ULXTOOLS450
ULXCPM450 ULXICON450 ULXNEWS450 ULXUNEXAMP450
ULXDCMT450 ULXINET450 ULXNOTES450 ULXUNFONTS450
# setld -l .
*** Enter Subset Selections ***
The subsets listed below are optional:
1) Base Extension 2) GNU Emacs
3) TCP/IP Networking Util Extension 4) Additional Terminal Drivers
5) Document Preparation Software 6) Games and Diversions
7) Supplementary Documentation 8) Bibliographic Utilities
9) Remote Procedure Call Compiler 10) Aux. Command Line Interpreters
11) USENET News Interface Software 12) Notesfiles Package
13) Revision Control System 14) Misc. User-Contributed Utilities
15) Computer Aided System Tutor 16) Franz Lisp Development Package
17) Modula-2 Development Package 18) Raster Plotter Package
19) APL Development Package 20) CP/M 8in Diskette Utility
21) Hyperchannel Utilities 22) ICON (Language) Development Packag
23) University Ingres QUEL DBMS 24) Software Project Management System
25) Unsupported Fortran Utilities 26) Unsupported On-Line Documentation
27) Unsupported X11 Components 28) Unsupported DECwindows Examples
29) Unsupported MIT Fonts 30) Unsupported X11 Reference Pages
31) Unsupported OSF/Motif Demos
32) All mandatory and all optional subsets
33) Mandatory subsets only
34) Exit without installing subsets
Enter your choice(s): 1 3 10 27 31
You are installing the following subsets:
Base Extension TCP/IP Networking Util Extension
Aux. Command Line Interpreters Unsupported X11 Components
Unsupported OSF/Motif Demos
Is this correct? (y/n):
...
Shutdown
# from manual, this should work, but does not for me:
shutdown -h now
# this is ugly, but works
shutdown now
init 0 // seems not to do anything
umount /usr
umount / // seems not to do anything
sync
halt
PATH for root
Ultrix is an old UNIX, so tools are not always where one would expect them (e.g. there are binaries in /etc). Just as a note:
# echo $PATH
/usr/ucb:/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:/etc/sec:/usr/etc:/usr/etc/sec:/usr/local:/usr/new:/usr/hosts:.
Y2K Patch
Get the file ultrix_base_Y2k_vax.tar. This contains
a large set of patches, including the Y2K patch.
Extract tar file, and execute patch per patch in directory
SCRIPTS. Note that a environment variable must be set and
that each patch file is a shell script. There is one file explicitely
named YEAR_2000.install which is a link to some of the patch files.
I had not installed mail clients, and during patch application, there are errors regarding this. These are harmless.
# ls
ultrix_base_Y2k_vax.tar
# df
Filesystem Total kbytes kbytes %
node kbytes used free used Mounted on
/dev/rz10a 13630 5801 6466 47% /
/dev/rz10g 358329 95525 226972 30% /usr
# tar xvf ultrix_base_Y2k_vax.tar^C
# mkdir y2k
# cd y2k
# tar xvf ../ultrix_base_Y2k_vax.tar
x ./ntalkd, 57344 bytes, 112 blocks
x ./Mail, 140288 bytes, 274 blocks
...
# pwd
/usr/var/tmp/patches/y2k/SCRIPTS
# ls
ULTV45-001-1.install ULTV45-009-1.install ULTV45-019-1.install
ULTV45-002-1.install ULTV45-012-1.install ULTV45-020-3.install
ULTV45-003-1.install ULTV45-013-1.install ULTV45-021-1.install
ULTV45-004-1.install ULTV45-014-1.install ULTV45-022-1.install
ULTV45-005-1.install ULTV45-015-1.install YEAR_2000.install
ULTV45-006-1.install ULTV45-016-1.install
ULTV45-008-2.install ULTV45-017-1.install
# /etc/shutdown now
Shutdown at 11:10 (in 0 minutes) [pid 167]
#
System shutdown time has arrived
erase ^?, kill ^U, intr ^C
#
# ps -aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM SZ RSS TT STAT TIME COMMAND
root 174 33.0 2.0 362 233 co R 0:00 ps -aux
root 170 0.1 0.3 29 26 co S 0:00 - (sh)
root 1 0.0 2.0 254 234 ? I 0:00 init
root 0 0.0 0.1 0 0 ? D 0:20 swapper
root 2 0.0 0.3 3232 0 ? D 0:00 pagedaemon
# cd /usr/var/tmp/patches/y2k/SCRIPTS
# ls
ULTV45-001-1.install ULTV45-009-1.install ULTV45-019-1.install
ULTV45-002-1.install ULTV45-012-1.install ULTV45-020-3.install
ULTV45-003-1.install ULTV45-013-1.install ULTV45-021-1.install
ULTV45-004-1.install ULTV45-014-1.install ULTV45-022-1.install
ULTV45-005-1.install ULTV45-015-1.install YEAR_2000.install
ULTV45-006-1.install ULTV45-016-1.install
ULTV45-008-2.install ULTV45-017-1.install
# PATCHES=/usr/var/tmp/patches/y2k
export PATCHES
ULTV45-001-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-001-1
# ULTV45-002-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-002-1
# ULTV45-003-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-003-1
# ls
ULTV45-001-1.APPLIED ULTV45-006-1.install ULTV45-017-1.install
ULTV45-001-1.install ULTV45-008-2.install ULTV45-019-1.install
ULTV45-002-1.APPLIED ULTV45-009-1.install ULTV45-020-3.install
ULTV45-002-1.install ULTV45-012-1.install ULTV45-021-1.install
ULTV45-003-1.APPLIED ULTV45-013-1.install ULTV45-022-1.install
ULTV45-003-1.install ULTV45-014-1.install YEAR_2000.install
ULTV45-004-1.install ULTV45-015-1.install
ULTV45-005-1.install ULTV45-016-1.install
# ULTV45-004-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-004-1
override protection 755 for /usr/bin/ksh? y
# ls -l /usr/bin/ksh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root 180224 Nov 3 1995 /usr/bin/ksh
# ULTV45-005-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-005-1
# ULTV45-006-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-006-1
# ULTV45-008-2.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-008-2
# ULTV45-009-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-009-1
# ULTV45-012-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-012-1
# ULTV45-013-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-013-1
# ULTV45-014-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-014-1
# ULTV45-015-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-015-1
# ULTV45-016-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-016-1
# ULTV45-017-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-017-1
# ULTV45-019-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-019-1
# ULTV45-020-3.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-020-3
cp: /usr/bin/mh/anno: No such file or directory
chmod: can't access /usr/bin/mh/anno: No such file or directory
chown: can't access /usr/bin/mh/anno: No such file or directory
...
chown: can't access /usr/lib/mh/spost: No such file or directory
ar: filename inet_nsap_addr.o truncated to inet_nsap_addr.
ranlib: warning: /usr/lib/libc.a(res_auth.o): no symbol table
ar: filename inet_nsap_addr.o truncated to inet_nsap_addr.
ar: filename inet_nsap_addr.o truncated to inet_nsap_addr.
ar: filename inet_nsap_addr.o truncated to inet_nsap_addr.
ranlib: warning: /usr/lib/libcg.a(res_auth.o): no symbol table
# ULTV45-021-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-021-1
# ULTV45-022-1.install
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Applying Patch id: ULTV45-022-1
#
After reboot, the system prints out correct (2023) dates. Nice.
Ultrixboot - V4.5 Sun Sep 17 13:03:13 EDT 1995
Loading (a)vmunix ...
Sizes:
text = 673068
data = 100864
bss = 546012
Starting at 0x2c19
ULTRIX V4.5 (Rev. 47) System #1: Sat Oct 23 16:54:52 WET DST 1993
real mem = 16658432
avail mem = 12685312
using 406 buffers containing 1665024 bytes of memory
KA41-A/B with an FPU
scsi0 at uba0 csr 0x200c0080 vec 0x1f8, ipl 0x14
scsi1 at uba0 csr 0x200c0180 vec 0x1fc, ipl 0x14
rz9 at scsi1 slave 1 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz10 at scsi1 slave 2 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz11 at scsi1 slave 3 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
rz12 at scsi1 slave 4 (RZxx) [ rhcomp RD54 5.2 ]
ss0 at uba0 csr 0x200a0000 vec 0xc0, ipl 0x14
sh0 at uba0 csr 0x38000000 vec 0x44, ipl 0x14
ln0 at ibus0 csr 0x200e0000 vec 0x50, ipl 0x14
ln0: DEC LANCE Ethernet Interface, hardware address: 08:00:2b:26:46:99
Tue Oct 24 11:41:00 WET DST 2023 <------------- correct date!
Automatic reboot in progress...
/dev/rz10a: 656 files, 6109 used, 7521 free (209 frags, 914 blocks, 1.5% fragmentation)
/dev/rrz10g: 5946 files, 117778 used, 240551 free (3279 frags, 29659 blocks, 0.9% fragmentation)
check quotas: done.
savecore: checking for dump...dump does not exist
local daemons: syslog sendmail.
Removing remnant Opser files
preserving editor files
clearing /tmp
standard daemons: update cron accounting network snmpd printer.
start errlog daemon - elcsd
Tue Oct 24 11:43:08 WET DST 2023
ULTRIX V4.5 (Rev. 47) (uvax)
login:
Installing tools from Freeware ISO
There is a ISO with Freeware (GNU tools) from 2002/2006. This adds some important tools and improved versions to Ultrix. See https://ftp.zx.net.nz/pub/archive/ultrix-freeware/readme.html.
For Ultrix, binaries can be found on ISO in /starfish.osfn.org/ultrix and
some more in /bin-vax-ultrix4.5/*. Extract selected binaries.
All files are organized as bzip2-ed tar files, so you need to extract bzip2
first (maybe on another machine) and to add it to path to extract everything else.
And these are the tools I did extract. There are more, but as start this looks ok.
root@uvax:/usr/gnu-tools/vax/bin> ls
addftinfo grep pr
addr2line grodvi printenv
afmtodit groff printf
ar grog ptx
as grops pwd
awk grotty ranlib
basename groups readelf
bash gsoelim reset
bashbug gtbl rm
bc gtroff rmdir
bunzip2 gunzip rsync
bzcat gzexe screen
bzcmp gzip screen-3.9.11
bzdiff head sdiff
bzegrep hostid seq
bzfgrep hostname sha1sum
bzgrep hpftodit shred
bzip2 iconv size
bzip2recover id sleep
bzless igawk sort
bzmore infocmp split
c++ infotocap strings
c++filt install strip
captoinfo join stty
cat ld sum
chgrp less sync
chmod lessecho tac
chown lesskey tack
chroot lkbib tail
cksum ln tar
clear locate tee
cmp logname test
comm ls tfmtodit
cp make tic
cpio md5sum time
cpp mkdir toe
csplit mkfifo touch
cut mknod tput
date mmroff tr
dc msgattrib true
dd msgcat tset
df msgcmp tsort
diff msgcomm tty
diff3 msgconv uname
dir msgen unexpand
dircolors msgexec uniq
dirname msgfilter updatedb
du msgfmt users
echo msggrep vax-dec-ultrix4.3-c++
egrep msginit vax-dec-ultrix4.3-g++
env msgmerge vax-dec-ultrix4.3-gcc
expand msgunfmt vdir
expr msguniq wc
factor mt wget
false mv which
fgrep ncftp who
find ncftpbatch whoami
fmt ncftpbookmarks xargs
fold ncftpget xgettext
g++ ncftpls yes
g77 ncftpput zcat
gawk ngettext zcmp
gawk-3.1.1 nice zdiff
gcc nl zegrep
gccbug nm zfgrep
gcov nohup zforce
gdb objcopy zgrep
geqn objdump zip
gettext od zipcloak
ggrn paste zipnote
glookbib pathchk zipsplit
gneqn pfbtops zless
gnroff pgawk zmore
gpic pgawk-3.1.1 znew
gprof pinky
grefer post-grohtml
Cleaning up root
I have created a /root home directory for root, moved all dot files from / to there and changed home directory for root in /etc/passwd. Because I am using bash as my shell, I added a .bashrc with following lines:
test -s ~/.alias && . ~/.alias || true
export PS1="\[\]\u@\h:\w> "
export PATH=/usr/gnu-tools/vax/bin:$PATH
export TERM=vt100
And a basic .alias file:
alias a=alias
alias ll='ls -l'
alias h='history 100'
alias more=less
All freeware/gnu tools were extracted to /usr/gnu-tools, which is the default for the freeware tool distribution, so I added this at head of PATH.
Further reading
- List of all files contained in Ultrix BASE installation packages (/VAX/BASE on CDROM) - tarlist-BASE.txt
- List of all files contained in Ultrix UNSUPPORTED packages (/VAX/UNSUPPORTED on CDROM) - tarlist-UNSUPPORTED.txt. There is also a /VAX/BASE_UPGRADE directory, may have to check that too…
Cool links for Ultrix on VAX or SIMH:
- Installing Ultrix 4.5 on SIMH - https://gunkies.org/wiki/Installing_Ultrix_4.5_on_SIMH
- Installing ULTRIX/VAX V4.5 on SIMH/VAX V3.0-2 - http://www.xanthos.se/~joachim/simh-vax.html
- Installation und Einrichtung von Ultrix 4.5 einer emulierten (Micro-) VAX unter SIMH - http://sommteck.net/wiki/doku.php?id=emulation-einer-vax-mit-simh:emulation_einer_microvax_3900_mit_ultrix_4.5
- Running VAX Ultrix 4.5 on simh - https://astr0baby.wordpress.com/2019/03/16/running-vax-ultrix-4-5-on-simh/
- ULTRIX 4.3 AUF DECSTATION 5000/240 INSTALLIEREN - http://www.georg-basse.de/retro/decstation-ultrix-installation/
Ultrix Documentation
- VINTAGE DEC PAGES - http://www.xanthos.se/~joachim/
- DEC Guide to install Ultrix - https://www.carelife.com/manuals/Guide_Installing_Ultrix.PDF
- DEC ULTRIX Documentations - https://web-docs.gsi.de/~kraemer/COLLECTION/ULTRIX/docs.html#telnetroot
- ULTRIX FREEWARE CD-ROMS - Version 2.0 September 2002 - https://ftp.zx.net.nz/pub/archive/ultrix-freeware/docs/readme.pdf
- CERN Guide To Installing ULTRIX - https://web-docs.gsi.de/~kraemer/COLLECTION/ULTRIX/wwwpdp.web.cern.ch/wwwpdp/as/file/doc/ultrix/ultrix_toc.html#SEC60
- Good list with Ultrix commands etc. - https://apfelboymchen.net/gnu/UNIX/vax-ultrix.html
Ultrix Freeware